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Fremont, Pierre (A member of the Puteaux Group. The Puteaux Group was the name applied to a group of European artists and critics associated with an offshoot of Cubism known as Orphism. The group was formed around 1911 by gathering regularly to discuss their views at the home of Jacques Villon in Puteaux, which was at that time a village in the western outskirts of Paris, France. The group's name was adopted by them in order to distinguish themselves from the narrower definition of Cubism developed earlier by Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque in the Montmartre quarter of Paris. They were critics of analytical Cubism on the ground that it lacked human interest and they re-introduced an interest in colour which led on in 1912 to Orphism. They came to prominence in the wake of their controversial showing at the Salon des Indépendants in the spring of 1911. Some members of the Puteaux Group were: Guillaume Apollinaire - (1880-1918), Italian Robert Delaunay - (1885-1941), French Marcel Duchamp - (1887-1968), French Raymond Duchamp-Villon - (1876-1918), French Roger de la Fresnaye - (1885-1925), French Albert Gleizes - (1881-1953), French Frantisek Kupka - (1871-1957), Czech Henri Le Fauconnier - (1881-1946), French Fernand Léger - (1881-1955), French Louis Marcoussis - (1878-1941), Polish Jean Metzinger - (1883-1956), French Francis Picabia - (1879-1953), French/Spanish Georges Ribemont-Dessaignes - (1884-1974), French Jacques Villon - (1875-1963), French Alexander Calder -(1898-1976), American Jeanne Rij-Rousseau - (1870-1956), French)