Museum Blogs

Day 1

We had an introduction from Chloe and we also got lanyards that show we are on our placement here. We went to the quarry hospital to help out, making a video on how to get to the quarry so that more people are interested in coming to the area. Even though we didn't do that much today, it was a good ease into how the work environment is. We learnt that museums are very complicated behind the scenes and have a lot of jobs within them that make it up. It was very quiet and there weren't that many visitors in the quarry hospital so we are hoping the video makes people want to go. We realised there are a majority of English people going and visiting these places which is good that they want to learn about the history but surprisingly Welsh people themselves do not want to go and learn their own history. At the end of the day we looked at the beautiful view that the quarry hospital looks over and got to know each other, since we didn't know each other before today. 

Day 2

On day 2 we started off with an admin task where we learned more about using excel to maintain information and numbers. We used excel to type up the stats from old visits from e.e 1967. We learned that details like this can be useful in terms of patterns and what needs to be improved about the event or task. We also helped Lowri create an activity for young children which was very helpful to me as I learned that there is many jobs within one company that you would never expect for example we later helped Mari who works in the education department with Lowri to go down to storage, she works part time which was something I didn't know you could do when working as an adult but it was interesting and useful to know that there's always a job or opportunity that can suite everyone which would be great for when just starting of your career. We later had an opportunity to have a meeting with Amgueddfa Cymru about the importance of using both languages equally, which was very interesting because we learned that it really is helpful to be bilingual as it provides more job opportunities. 

Day 3

This was one of the most exciting days of the week, actually being able to go into the slate museum while closed. But at the start of the day we helped Lois by making a plan on how to get children and parents aware of the nature trail Amgueddfa Cymru has to offer. We brainstormed together until our early lunch break. Then we went down to the construction site to get protective gear so everyone was safe during the tour. We also had to take other safety precautions like wearing trousers and walking shoes. The tour was really fun and we both helped keep everyone together but it was extremely hot that day so it was really hard to focus. After the tour Chloe treated us both to ice cream, we both got cookie dough, and it was very lovely and helped with the heat. After we walked back up to the quarry and filmed a tiktok on the nature trail before having to leave. We learnt about preservation and how important and how much work goes into preserving museums and showed the careful work they have to do to get everything right to tell the story of the museum. 

Day 4

On day four we went to Castell Penrhyn. We had a walk around the castle however later learned more about the history of the castle and the history of the Penrhyn family which I we learned is a big part of having a museum or a historical land because although people love going to castell Penrhyn, most people see it as walking around a beautiful house instead of looking at the good and bad parts of the castles history, for instance the slavery in the 18th-19th century. We think its very important to the visitors to know what really went on instead of only seeing it as a house. We then watched a slate demo and then helped people complete a survey about the experience and their past visits of the museum in Llanberis which was very good to see how useful surveys can we when running a company because it allows the company to see the visitors opinions and thoughts about what they offer, it also helps to know what the company need to promote or do better. 

Day 5

Our last day here at Amgueddfa Cymru, we started the day by summarizing how the week has been and what we have done and learnt. We wrote this blog and will after create a blog on the importance of the slate history in Penrhyn castle. Afterwards we will make a few promotional social media videos before leaving early. This work experience has shown us a lot and helped us realise the importance and how museums work behind the scenes and given us skills like talking to new people, teamwork and helping others. And we weren't really shocked how museums work and is exactly how we pictured working at a museum was like. 

In celebration of National Meadows Day, we’re sharing the story of the Urban Meadow at National Museum Cardiff, which is 13 years old this year!

Meadows are habitats dominated by native grasses and flowers, traditionally managed by a single annual hay cut and grazed by animals during the autumn and winter. They are diverse habitats that support a wide range of plants, animals and fungi however, the amount of land managed in this way has significantly decreased. In Wales, meadows are an example of a priority habitat of principle importance as they are under threat from changes to management, climate change and invasive species.

The urban meadow beside National Museum Cardiff was created in 2013. This patch of grass has been transformed from an area once described as species poor to one full of different species of grass and native wildflowers. It provides a haven for wildlife, enhancing the biodiversity around our site and, within the city, it also helps to form a green corridor for nature, linking up other green spaces across Cardiff and beyond.

Early ransformation of the meadow

Early transformation of the meadow

The meadow is now a lovely example of neutral semi-improved grassland in the centre of Cardiff. Cowslips (Primula veris), daffodils (Narcissus) and cuckoo flower (Cardamine pratensis) in spring are followed by familiar meadow species such as ox-eye daisy (Leucanthemum vulgare), clovers (Trifolium spp.), meadow buttercup (Ranunculus acris) and knapweed (Centaurea) along with grasses such as sweet vernal grass (Anthoxanthum odoratum), crested dog’s-tail (Cynosurus cristatus) and Yorkshire fog (Holcus lanatus). Last year we recorded, corky-fruited water-dropwort (Oenanthe pimpinelloides), a new species for the Urban Meadow, and one which is uncommon in Wales.

The Urban Meadow in Summer

Hoverfly on buttercup flower

All meadows need some annual maintenance to keep them in good condition and although we have followed the traditional regime of a single annual cut, as the years have gone by, we have seen some dominant grasses such as false oat grass (Arrhenatherum elatius) start to establish.

In autumn 2024, we added yellow rattle seed (Rhinanthus minor) with the help of funding from the National Heritage Lottery Fund GROW project. This annual plant is semi-parasitic and can play an important role in helping to keep a healthy balance between grass and wildflowers. As it grows, it takes nutrients from the roots of surrounding grasses, in turn weakening and reducing their dominance and allowing space for wildflower species to spread.

The common name comes from its yellow flowers, forming round seed pods in summer which rattle when the seeds are ripe! It is also known as “the Meadow Maker” owing to its reputation for increasing floral diversity.

Yellow rattle seedling in May 2025

Yellow rattle flower in June 2025

The native wildflowers found on the meadow provide an important source of pollen and nectar for insects and butterflies, but it is the variety of grasses and flowers together that ensure it provides food, shelter and habitat for many other species too! The leaves, stems and roots can be just as important.

In recent years we have recorded pollinators including hoverflies, bees – solitary, honey and bumble, wasps, butterflies, moths and beetles. We have also spotted spiders, grasshoppers, caterpillars, dragonflies, woodlice, slugs and snails… the list could go on!

A male swollen thighed beetle

They are good pollinators, visiting a variety of open faced flowers such as this ox-eye daisy.

Some recent records include Swollen thighed beetle (Oedemera nobilis), Cinnabar moth caterpillars (Tyria jacobaeae) which feed primarily on Ragwort leaves (Jacobaea vulgaris) and Essex Skipper Butterfly (Thymelicus lineola). Day flying moth visitors include Six spot burnet moth (Zygaena filipendulae) and spotted on different occasions last year Hummingbird Hawk Moth (Macroglossum stellatarum), which visits Wales from southern Europe in the summer.

Cinnabar moth caterpillars

Essex skipper butterfly

Six spot burnet moth

A number of different habitats have also been created to provide more opportunities for wildlife around the meadow.

It’s not just insects that visit the meadow, groups of Starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) can often be seen wandering through searching for insects and one evening recently, a hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus) was spotted beside the meadow.

Our Natural Science Curators have created resources to help you identify plants, animals, rocks and fossils on your doorstep. You can find them on our website: Spotter’s Guide | Museum Wales

At St Fagans National Museum of History, the rose garden, or Rosery, is full of colour and scent during the summer. But behind the beauty, there is a lot of hard work, and a long and interesting story.

The first Rosery was planned in 1898 by Hugh Pettigrew, the head gardener at the time. It had winding grass paths, trellises with climbing roses, and a canal planted with water lilies and filled with ornamental fish. More than 100 types of roses were planted in the garden.

After the First World War, the Rosery was not looked after. The canal was filled in, and the trellises and pergolas were removed. In the 1940s, after the Plymouth family donated St Fagans Castle and grounds to the Museum, a simpler rose garden was created, with triangular beds.

In 1998, the Museum decided to restore Pettigrew’s original design. The old canal was dug out and replanted with water lilies. The triangular beds were removed, and new curved beds were laid out around the canal, following Pettigrew’s plan. Roses were chosen carefully, based on a list made by Pettigrew in 1904.

However, over time, many of the old roses became unhealthy. They suffered badly from a disease called black spot, which makes the leaves turn yellow, develop black spots and fall off. Before the Clean Air Act of 1956, black spot was rare because the air was full of sulphur from pollution, which helped protect the plants. But when the air became cleaner, black spot became a much bigger problem.

In 2017, the Rosery was replanted again. This time, many modern roses were used, strong, healthy plants that flower for a long time and still have the beauty and scent of traditional roses. Most of the roses are from David Austin, a famous rose breeder. One special rose growing in the garden is called ‘Roald Dahl’, named after the famous author who was born in Cardiff.

We still garden in the spirit of the Edwardian period, because most of the ornamental gardens at St Fagans date back from that time. The Edwardians loved roses - and so do we! But looking after them is not always glamorous. Every January, the gardeners prune the roses hard to keep them healthy. Then the beds are mulched with manure, we add manure to the soil to feed it. Healthy soil helps the roses to grow strong and healthy.

Throughout the summer, the gardeners deadhead the roses to encourage more flowers, but they leave some blooms to make rose hips, which are used to decorate the historic houses in winter. Around the roses, there are also flowering perennial plants like lavender and violas planted to help pollinators like bees and butterflies. 

Some roses, called single roses, have fewer petals and an open centre. These are better for insects because bees can easily reach the nectar and pollen. Some of our favourites include roses called ‘Tottering-by- Gently’ and ‘Starlight Symphony’.

Today, the Rosery is full of colour and scent. The new roses look and feel like old roses, but they flower again and again through the summer. They remind us of the love, care, and hard work that goes into keeping a garden full of life.

In March, I became Amgueddfa Cymru’s first ever graduate of the Future Generations Leadership Academy (FGLA)! 

Run by the Future Generations Commissioner for Wales, the FGLA brings together a selected group of 18-30 year-olds from all corners of Wales to unlock leadership skills and expand knowledge on the Wellbeing of Future Generations Act. 

This all started when Amgueddfa Cymru announced that they had been awarded funding via the National Lottery Heritage Innovation Fund Project #GROW to sponsor a participant, which then culminates in the person working with #GROW Project Leads to support sustainability and climate action in line with the Wellbeing of Future Generations Act. I have always been passionate about nature and how it can shape our identity, our place in the world and our wellbeing. As a second language Welsh speaker too, I always found the crossover of language with nature, and how it can evoke different connections to our cynefin deeply fascinating. This opportunity felt the perfect opportunity to implement this passion tangibly with the enrichment of the FGLA skills and knowledge I gain. 

I was so excited to be part of FGLA 5.0 this year and Amgueddfa Cymru’s first ever participant - it was both thrilling and a little daunting to be the first person ever. However, it has been an amazing chance to gain skills to drive positive changes within the organisation, inspired by the values of the Wellbeing of Future Generations Act. As a public body, Amgueddfa Cymru is subject to requirements of the Act, and it is pivotal that the next generations of staff have the knowledge and experience of it to channel it into positive action. 

My FGLA journey kicked off with a residency where I met my cohort for the first time. We shared ideas, our ambitions networked as future leaders.  We also met the residency speakers, Academy alumni, and the Future Generations Commissioner for Wales, Derek Walker. This was incredibly inspiring and set the tone for my fortnightly training sessions across the 8-month programme. 

I learned a range of things - from how to act and consider seven generations ahead, building a wellbeing economy, to how other leaders are pioneering the Act. Our final residency in North Wales further sparked my ideas and built my networks with people doing such amazing work across the public, third and private sector in Wales. As training developed, I also shared and explored ideas with different colleagues, and it’s been so gratifying seeing how others are excited at the potential of working in new ways. 

At last, my experience culminated with a fun but bitter-sweet graduation in Cardiff with my cohort, the Future Generations Office, alumni, as well as representatives from Welsh Government and organisations. I even took part as a speaker to present my change plan (more on that below!). It was amazing to be able to share how I’ve embedded my new skills and knowledge into a plan. 

So what’s next? As part of the FGLA, each person creates something called a ‘Change Plan’; a proposal in your area of expertise, which channels your new learning into a practical plan for their place of work to better align to the Wellbeing of Future Generations Act. My change plan looks at how we can blend language, nature and cynefin to develop opportunities for Amgueddfa Cymru audiences which invoke connection, belonging and wellbeing and helps people to connect to their cynefin and to nature overall. Linking these together not only fosters deeper learning and care about the natural world, it invites people to reconnect to nature, shares intangible cultural heritages and links language to ecological literacy.

The outcome of this contributes to a future Wales where growing people’s connections, knowledge and care for nature inspires future resilience. It also shows how Amgueddfa Cymru can be a hub for Welsh language as a way to experience nature and cynefin - inspired by our collections, spaces, programming, events and experiences.

I am immensely proud to have had this opportunity to develop, from scratch, an ambitious, creative plan aligned to Amgueddfa Cymru’s organisational goals. I’m excited to see how it may be applied in order to contribute to a better future for Wales. 

This opportunity would not have been possible without the support of the National Lottery Heritage Innovation Fund Project #GROW, which builds workforce resilience in the face of climate change. I also extend my grateful thanks to my GROW project colleagues, Sarah Younan, Heather Jackson, Steph Burge, and Victoria Hillman for all of their support. 

 Conservation is at the heart of the National Slate Museum redevelopment project and our conservation team are already hard at work assessing and working on the collections to make sure they look their best and keep them safe so that they can be enjoyed for generations to come  when the Museum reopens.  

Jennifer Griffiths is Senior Conservator of Industry Collections and is one of several team members working on the National Slate Museum collection. here she tells us a bit more about her work. 

“I’ve started my part of the conservation work with treatment of a pay trolley." said Jennifer.

" This wooden cabinet contains 49 small pay tins made from tin-plate. The cabinet and all of drawers within the cabinet were extremely dirty with surface and ingrained dirt and the tins, all very heavily corroded. The cabinet can be seen here before and after conservation." 

"So far, the conservation of the cabinet and 7 of the tins has taken a total of 45 days' work."

"Each pay tin takes 2 days to complete and so far, 7 tins have been completed."

"Just 42 tins to go!"

Over the next few months we'll be taking a closer look at all the other conservation work taking place including cleaning our wooden pattern collection, paper and artworks, furniture and clothing! 

The National Slate Museum redvelopment project is funded by The National Lottery Heritage Fund, UK Government via Cyngor Gwynedd as part of the Llewyrch o'r Llechi project, Welsh Government including the Community Facilities Programme, the Wolfson Foundation, Garfield Weston Foundation and other funders. We are extremely grateful to all our funders for their support.